1. all
2. to have; to possess; to own

1. oil
2. petroleum

1. natural resource (such as water or minerals)
2. resource (such as manpower or tourism)

1. to enrich
2. rich
3. plentiful
4. abundant

1. of; ~'s (possessive particle)
2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun)
3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 pígéde "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 pǎotángrde "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 xīnde "new one")
5. also pr. dì or di in poetry and songs

classifier: 個

1. all; both; entirely
2. (used for emphasis) even
3. already
4. (not) at all

1. capital city
2. metropolis

1. quilt
2. to cover (with)
3. (literary) to suffer (a misfortune)
4. used to indicate passive voice (placed before the doer of the action like "by" in English passive-voice sentences, or, if the doer is not mentioned, before the verb)
5. (since c. 2009) (sarcastic or jocular) used to indicate that the following word should be regarded as being in air quotes (as in 被旅遊 bèilu:yóu to "go on a trip")

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 披 (“to cover oneself; to scatter”)
2. alternative form of 披 (“to cover oneself; to scatter”)

1. alternative form of 彼 (bǐ, “that”)
2. alternative form of 髲 (bì, “wig”)

classifiers: 支, 個

1. and
2. furthermore
3. also
4. together with
5. (not) at all
6. simultaneously
7. to combine
8. to join
9. to merge

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 傍 (“to be near; approaching”)
2. alternative form of 傍 (“to be near; approaching”)

1. to use
2. by means of
3. according to
4. in order to
5. because of
6. at (a certain date or place)

1. to protect
2. to defend
3. to safeguard
4. protection

classifier: 種

1. of; ~'s (possessive particle)
2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun)
3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 pígéde "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 pǎotángrde "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 xīnde "new one")
5. also pr. dì or di in poetry and songs

1. ordinary people; commoner (contrasted with the privileged)
2. civilian (contrasted with the military)

1. and
2. furthermore
3. also
4. together with
5. (not) at all
6. simultaneously
7. to combine
8. to join
9. to merge

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 傍 (“to be near; approaching”)
2. alternative form of 傍 (“to be near; approaching”)

1. towards
2. to face
3. to turn towards
4. direction
5. to support
6. to side with
7. shortly before
8. formerly
9. always
10. all along
11. (suffix) suitable for ...
12. oriented to ...

1. to tend toward
2. to guide
3. variant of 向 xiàng

1. variant of 向 xiàng
2. direction
3. orientation
4. to face
5. to turn toward
6. to
7. towards
8. shortly before
9. formerly

1. democracy
2. democratic