1. to speak; to talk; to say
2. to explain; to comment
3. to scold; to tell off
4. (bound form) theory; doctrine

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 悅 /悦 (yuè, “happy; delighted”)
2. alternative form of 悅 /悦 (yuè, “happy; delighted”)

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 脫 /脱 (“to free; to relieve”)
2. alternative form of 脫 /脱 (“to free; to relieve”)

1. known
2. what one knows

1. (bound form) way; reason; principle
2. (bound form) a skill; an art; a specialization
3. (Daoism) the Way; the Dao
4. to say (introducing a direct quotation, as in a novel)
5. (bound form) to express; to extend (polite words)
6. classifier for long thin things (rivers, cracks, shadows etc), barriers (walls, doors etc), questions (in an exam etc), commands, courses in a meal, steps in a process
7. (old) circuit (administrative division)

classifiers: 條, 股

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 導 /导 (dǎo, “to direct; to guide; to lead; to conduct”)
2. alternative form of 導 /导 (dǎo, “to direct; to guide; to lead; to conduct”)

1. of; ~'s (possessive particle)
2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun)
3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 pígéde "one made of leather" or 跑堂儿的 pǎotángrde "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 xīnde "new one")
5. also pr. dì or di in poetry and songs

1. "each one for himself" (the individualistic philosophy proposed by Yang Zhu)
2. (Chinese philosophy) "each one for himself" (the individualistic philosophy proposed by Yang Zhu)

1. actually
2. place
3. classifier for houses, small buildings, institutions etc
4. that which
5. particle introducing a relative clause or passive

classifier: 個

1. of; ~'s (possessive particle)
2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun)
3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 pígéde "one made of leather" or 跑堂儿的 pǎotángrde "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 xīnde "new one")
5. also pr. dì or di in poetry and songs

1. to bear witness; to testify
2. to serve as evidence

1. but
2. yet
3. however
4. while
5. to go back
6. to decline
7. to retreat
8. nevertheless
9. even though

1. no; not so
2. (bound form) not; un-

1. of; ~'s (possessive particle)
2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun)
3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 pígéde "one made of leather" or 跑堂儿的 pǎotángrde "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 xīnde "new one")
5. also pr. dì or di in poetry and songs

1. to be witness to
2. witness
3. evidence