1. comma
2. phrase marked by pause

1. to read out; to read aloud
2. to read
3. to attend (school); to study (a subject in school)
4. to pronounce

1. (specifier) that; the; those (colloquial pr. nèi)
2. (pronoun) that (referring to persons, things or situations)
3. then (in that case)

1. (archaic) many
2. beautiful
3. how
4. old variant of 挪 nuó

1. to confer
2. to grant
3. to bestow a title
4. to seal
5. classifier for sealed objects, esp. letters

1. letter
2. mail
3. to trust
4. to believe
5. to profess faith in
6. truthful
7. confidence
8. trust
9. at will
10. at random

classifier: 封

1. (after a suppositional clause) in that case; then
2. (after a clause of action) as soon as; immediately after
3. (same as 就是 jiùshì) merely; nothing else but; simply; just; precisely; exactly
4. only; as little as
5. as much as; as many as
6. to approach; to move towards
7. to undertake; to engage in
8. (often followed by 着 zhe) taking advantage of
9. (of food) to go with
10. with regard to; concerning
11. (pattern: 就 jiù ... 也 yě ...) even if ... still ...
12. (pattern: 不 bù ... 就 jiù ...) if not ... then must be ...

1. (completed action marker)
2. (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now)
3. (modal particle intensifying preceding clause)

1. to finish
2. (used with 得 dé or 不 bù after a verb to express (im)possibility, as in 忘不了 wàngbuliǎo "cannot forget")
3. (literary) (usually followed by a negative such as 无 wú or 不 bù) completely (not); entirely (not); (not) in the least
4. to understand clearly (variant of 了 liǎo)

1. (of eyes) bright
2. clear-sighted
3. to understand clearly

1. to stand up; to get up
2. also pr. qǐlái

1. (after a verb) indicating the beginning and continuation of an action or a state
2. indicating an upward movement (e.g. after 站 zhàn)
3. indicating completion
4. (after a perception verb, e.g. 看 kàn) expressing preliminary judgment
5. also pr. qǐlai

1. placed after a verb to form a copular verb, expressing evaluation based on initial perception
2. placed after a verb to indicate that the action has started
3. to get up; to get out of bed
4. to rise up; to get up