1. to be (followed by substantives only)
2. correct; right; true
3. (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well
4. (adverb for emphatic assertion)

1. to survive
2. remnant

1. of; ~'s (possessive particle)
2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun)
3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)
4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 pígéde "one made of leather" or 跑堂儿的 pǎotángrde "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 xīnde "new one")
5. also pr. dì or di in poetry and songs

1. ancient
2. old
3. paleo-

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 固 (gù)
2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 故 (gù)
3. alternative form of 固 (gù)
4. alternative form of 故 (gù)

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) only used in 古成
2. only used in 古成

classifiers: 隻, 群, 個