1. prefix used before the surname of a person or a numeral indicating the order of birth of the children in a family or to indicate affection or familiarity
2. old (of people)
3. venerable (person)
4. experienced
5. of long standing
6. always
7. all the time
8. of the past
9. very
10. outdated
11. (of meat etc) tough

1. to obtain
2. to get
3. to gain
4. to catch (a disease)
5. proper
6. suitable
7. proud
8. contented
9. to allow
10. to permit
11. ready
12. finished

1. to have to
2. must
3. ought to
4. to need to

1. cannot
2. must not
3. should not

1. to work
2. (of a machine) to operate
3. job
4. work
5. task

classifiers: 個, 份, 項

1. (completed action marker)
2. (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now)
3. (modal particle intensifying preceding clause)

1. to finish
2. (used with 得 dé or 不 bù after a verb to express (im)possibility, as in 忘不了 wàngbuliǎo "cannot forget")
3. (literary) (usually followed by a negative such as 無 wú or 不 bù) completely (not); entirely (not); (not) in the least
4. to understand clearly (variant of 瞭 liǎo)

1. (of eyes) bright
2. clear-sighted
3. to understand clearly