Sentence Composition
| 1 | 上個星期 | shànggèxīngqī | last week |
| 2 | 四 | sì |
|
| =3 | 你 | nǐ | you (informal, as opposed to courteous 您 nín) |
| =3 | 你 | nǐ | you (Note: In Taiwan, 妳 is used to address females, but in mainland China, it is not commonly used. Instead, 你 is used to address both males and females.) |
| 4 | 在 | zài |
|
| 5 | 他 | tā |
| 6 | 馬德里 | Mǎdélǐ | Madrid, capital of Spain |
| =7 | 的 | de |
|
| =7 | 的 | dī | a taxi; a cab (abbr. for 的士 dīshì) |
| =7 | 的 | dí | really and truly |
| =7 | 的 | dì | (bound form) bull's-eye; target |
| =8 | 家 | jiā | used in 家伙 jiāhuo and 家俱 jiājù |
| =8 | 家 | jiā |
classifier: 個 |
| =8 | 家 | jie | only used in 大家 (dàgū) |
| =9 | 嗎 | má | (coll.) what? |
| =9 | 嗎 | mǎ | used in 吗啡 mǎfēi |
| =9 | 嗎 | ma | (question particle for "yes-no" questions) |